Take 4 tablets 30-45 minutes before bed. Lunar can be used daily without harm, but you may notice greater benefits if you cycle your intake, such as taking Lunar daily for 4-6 weeks followed by a 2-week break.

Legion Lunar | All-Natural Sleep Aid Supplement

Q: How quickly will I see results with Lunar?

Many customers report immediate improvements in sleep quality with Lunar.

Q: Are there any side effects I should know about?

There are no side effects you should know about, other than better sleep. We were very careful when creating this formulation to avoid natural sleep aids known to cause side effects and/or withdrawal symptoms, such as valerian root, skullcap, and kava. Instead, we chose ingredients that are scientifically proven to help you relax, fall asleep faster, stay asleep longer, and wake up feeling refreshed . . . without unwanted side effects.

Q: Will I become dependent on Lunar for good sleep if I use it regularly?

No, you will not become dependent on Lunar to sleep well. If you stop using it altogether, there are no residual effects.

Q: Why is there so little melatonin in Lunar?

There is so little melatonin in Lunar because research shows the benefits aren’t dose-dependent. [1] For this reason, we chose the low end of the clinically effective dosage range of melatonin. Furthermore, taking high amounts of melatonin increases the risk of side effects like difficulty waking up and morning lethargy and grogginess. 1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23691095

Q: What does the Prop65 warning on the labels mean?

Our products include a Proposition 65 warning in compliance with California’s regulatory guidelines, which are among the most stringent and sweeping in the world. A Proposition 65 warning does not indicate whether a product is safe or unsafe. Rather, Proposition 65 is a consumer notification law in California that requires warnings to inform consumers about the presence of one or more of over 900 substances in various types of products. These substances include naturally occurring and ubiquitous compounds, even when present at levels below those known to cause harm.

Q: Is Lunar gluten-free, vegetarian, or vegan friendly?

Lunar is gluten-free, vegetarian, and vegan friendly.

Home / Products / Supplements / Lunar

If you don’t like something of ours, guess what happens next?

No, we don’t request you deliver it to a PO box in the Gobi Desert by carrier pigeon. Nor do we ask you to fill a cursed inkwell with orc’s blood and demon saliva and then use it to complete reams of return forms written in ancient Cyrillic script.

We just . . . wait for it . . . give you every penny of your money back. Holy moo cows. And that means you can say "yes" now and decide later.

Will Lunar realign your circadian rhythm so you’re guaranteed to go out like a light and sleep like a rock?

No.

Will it cure your insomnia and boost your deep sleep by 172%?

Absolutely not.

But will Lunar help you get more restful sleep with fewer nighttime wakings and less morning grogginess?

Yes. Or your money back.

Total formulation transparency (no proprietary blends)[8] This means you know exactly what’s in every serving of Lunar—every dose of every ingredient—and can verify the accuracy and efficacy of the formulation.
Made in the USA with globally sourced ingredients in NSF-certified and FDA-inspected facilities that adhere to Current Good Manufacturing Practice standards
Backed by our “No Return Necessary” money-back guarantee that works like this: If you don’t absolutely love Lunar, just let us know, and we’ll give you a full refund on the spot. No forms or returns necessary.

So order now, try Lunar risk free, and see for yourself why we believe it’s the perfect all-natural sleep supplement (that has sold over 20,000 bottles and counting!).

Will Lunar realign your circadian rhythm so you’re guaranteed to go out like a light and sleep like a rock?

No.

Will it cure your insomnia and boost your deep sleep by 172%?

Absolutely not.

But is Lunar the only[1] Some popular sleep supplements are naturally sweetened and flavored. Some contain the right mix of high-quality ingredients. Some provide clinically effective doses. But only Lunar checks each of these boxes. naturally sweetened and flavored[2] While artificial sweeteners may not be as dangerous as some people claim, studies suggest that regular consumption of these chemicals may indeed be harmful to our health. That’s why we use natural sweeteners like stevia, erythritol, and monk fruit instead. chewable sleep aid supplement with clinically effective doses[3] Every serving of Lunar contains 3.5 grams of active ingredients that have been shown to be safe and effective in peer-reviewed scientific research. of 4 ingredients scientifically shown[4] Each active ingredient in Lunar is backed by published scientific studies that show benefits in healthy humans. to help you fall asleep faster, stay asleep longer, and wake up more rested?

And without the health risks or side effects of sleep drugs?

Yes. Or your money back.

17 peer-reviewed scientific studies support Lunar’s combination of ingredients and doses[5] That’s 144 pages of scientific research that shows Lunar works exactly like we say it does.
Naturally sweetened and flavored with no artificial sweeteners, flavors, food dyes, fillers, or other unnecessary junk[6] While these types of chemicals may not be as dangerous as some people claim, studies suggest that regular consumption of them may indeed be harmful to our health. And that’s why you won’t find them in Lunar.
Tested for purity and potency in a state-of-the-art ISO 17025 accredited lab[7] Every bottle of Lunar is guaranteed to provide exactly what the label claims and nothing else—no heavy metals, microbes, allergens, or other contaminants.
Total formulation transparency (no proprietary blends)[8] This means you know exactly what’s in every serving of Lunar—every dose of every ingredient—and can verify the accuracy and efficacy of the formulation.
Made in the USA with globally sourced ingredients in NSF-certified and FDA-inspected facilities that adhere to Current Good Manufacturing Practice standards

Lunar is also backed by our “No Return Necessary” money-back guarantee that works like this:

If you don’t absolutely love Lunar, just let us know, and we’ll give you a full refund on the spot. No forms or returns necessary.

So order now, try Lunar risk free, and see for yourself why we believe it’s the perfect all-natural sleep supplement (that has sold over 20,000 bottles and counting!).

Notice to California Consumers

WARNING: Consuming this product can expose you to chemicals including lead which is known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov/food.

Legion Lunar Ingredients (3.5 grams per serving)

Glycine (3,000 milligrams per serving)

Glycine is an amino acid found mainly in foods that contain gelatin, like meat and seafood.

It acts as a mild sedative, which is why research shows that supplementation with glycine before bed reduces the time it takes to fall asleep and improves sleep quality.[9][10]

Additionally—and scientists aren’t sure why yet—but studies also show that glycine improves cognitive performance and reduces feelings of fatigue when sleep is impaired.[11]

The clinically effective dose of glycine is 3 grams.

Melatonin (500 micrograms per serving)

Melatonin is a hormone that’s produced by the brain and found in foods like tomatoes, walnuts, strawberries, and olive oil.

It has powerful sedative and sleep-inducing effects, which is why research shows that supplementation with melatonin before bed . . .

Reduces the time it takes to fall asleep[12][13]
Can improve sleep quality[14][15][16][17]
Reduces symptoms of jet lag[18]
Can improve memory function[19]

The clinically effective dose of melatonin is between 500 micrograms and 5 milligrams.

Lunar contains 500 micrograms per serving because, for many people, more isn’t necessary to achieve the desired results. That said, individual response does vary, and if you need more melatonin to improve your sleep, we recommend 3 milligrams of melatonin with one serving of Lunar for optimal results.[20]

L-Theanine (400 milligrams per serving)

L-theanine is an amino acid found primarily in tea that helps balance the levels of two chemicals in the brain known as glutamate and GABA, which transmit nerve impulses.

This, in turn, can reduce anxiety and promote relaxation without causing drowsiness, which is why research shows that supplementation with L-theanine . . .

Reduces the time it takes to fall asleep[21]
Improves restfulness after sleep[22]
Supports relaxation[23]
Reduces the effects of mental stress[24]

The clinically effective dose of L-theanine is 400 milligrams.

Gamma Aminobutyric Acid (100 milligrams per serving)

Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a neurotransmitter that binds to receptors between neurons and reduces their tendency to “fire” and transmit nerve impulses.

This, in turn, can reduce stress and excitement and promote calm and restfulness, which is why research shows that supplementation with GABA . . .

May reduce the time it takes to fall asleep[25][26][27]
Improves the perceived quality of sleep[28][29]
Increases sleep efficiency[30]

The clinically effective dose of GABA is 100 milligrams.

Naturally Sweetened & Flavored

While artificial sweeteners may not be as dangerous as some people claim, studies suggest that regular consumption of these chemicals may indeed be harmful to our health.[31][32][33][34][35][36]

That’s why we use natural sweeteners like stevia, erythritol, and monk fruit instead. Research shows that these ingredients are not only safe but can also confer several health benefits, including better nutrient absorption, healthy cholesterol and inflammation levels, and more.[37][38][39][40]

No Artificial Food Dyes or Other Chemical Junk

No Artificial Food Dyes, Fillers, or Other Unnecessary Junk

As with artificial sweeteners, studies show that artificial food dyes and fillers can cause negative effects in some people, including gastrointestinal toxicity and behavioral disorders.[41][42][43][44][45]

That’s why we use natural coloring and flavoring derived from fruits and other foods as well as naturally derived ingredients for improving texture, enhancing shelf life, and facilitating the manufacturing process.

Third-Party Lab Tested for Purity and Potency

Lunar is tested by a state-of-the-art ISO 17025-accredited third-party laboratory for heavy metals, microbes, allergens, and other contaminants to ensure compliance with FDA purity standards.

Third-Party Lab Tested for Potency & Purity

See how Legion Lunar compares to the rest.

Active Ingredients
Clinically Effective Ingredients & Doses
Glycine
Melatonin
L-Theanine
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid
Naturally Sweetened & Flavored
Third-Party Lab Tested
Labdoor Certified Brand
Price Per Serving

Legion Lunar
Sleep Aid
3,500 mg
per serving
3,000 mg
per serving
500 mcg
per serving
400 mg
per serving
100 mg
per serving
$

Transparent Labs
Sleep Aid
2,041 mg
per serving
1,000 mg
per serving
3 mg
per serving
200 mg
per serving
N/A
$0.66

Genius
Sleep Aid
1,300.5 mg
per serving
1,000 mg
per serving
500 mcg
per serving
100 mg
per serving
N/A
$1.00

Jacked Factory
Build PM
1,224 mg
per serving
5 mg
per serving
200 mg
per serving
N/A
$1.00

The #1 brand of naturally sweetened sports supplements.

We’ve sold over 5 million bags and bottles to over 1 million customers in 169 countries who have left us over 45,000 5-star reviews.

Clinically Effective Ingredients and Doses

Every ingredient, form, and dose in Lunar is backed by peer-reviewed scientific research demonstrating clear benefits in healthy humans.

Naturally Sweetened and Flavored

Lunar is naturally sweetened with stevia and xylitol and naturally flavored with extracts from fruit, vegetables, plants and other foods.

Total Label Transparency

We clearly list the dose of each ingredient in Lunar on the label—no proprietary blends or hidden ingredients—so you can verify our formulation’s validity and effectiveness.

Third-Party Lab Tested for Purity and Potency

Lunar is tested by a state-of-the-art ISO 17025-accredited third-party laboratory for heavy metals, microbes, allergens, and other contaminants to ensure compliance with FDA purity standards.

Made in the USA

Lunar is made in America with globally sourced ingredients in NSF-certified, FDA-inspected facilities that adhere to Current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) standards.

"No Return Necessary"
Money-Back Guarantee

If you don't absolutely love Lunar, you get a prompt and courteous refund. No forms or returns necessary.

Trusted by scientists, doctors, and everyday fitness folk alike.

"Legion is science-based at its core. Not only do they dose all of their products based on the clinical doses proven to be effective by scientific studies, they go above and beyond the their competitors by funding new research."

Dr. Bill Campbell, PhD
Professor of Exercise Science at University of South Florida
"There are a lot of sleazy supplement companies out there, but Legion is not one of them. Their products are free of fillers and inactive ingredients and they take the time (and money) to test them with independent labs to ensure you're getting what you pay for."

Dr. Spencer Nadolsky, MD
Board-Certified Family Medicine Physician and a Diplomate of the American Board of Obesity Medicine
"When it comes to quality and integrity, Legion is among the best. Their products only include ingredients that are backed by research and in doses that are proven to be effective in scientific studies."

Sal Di Stefano, Justin Andrews, and Adam Schafer
Hosts of The Mind Pump Podcast
"Legion is a tremendous company run by people I trust and respect. The quality of their supplements is second to no one. And while I don’t use many supplements, the only ones I do come from Legion."

Jordan Syatt
Strength and Nutrition Coach
"Legion consults with nutrition experts to make honest, science-based products and then proves they're genuine with independent lab work. That's how all supplement companies should operate."

Menno Henselmans, MS
Founder of Bayesian Bodybuilding, Published Scientist, and Physique Coach
"Legion's customers are getting some of the best sports supplements on the market."
"Legion Pulse is the best overall pre-workout, especially for energy and focus."
"Legion Pulse is the best pre-workout of 2024."

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I use Lunar?

How quickly will I see results with Lunar?

Are there any side effects I should know about?

Will I become dependent on Lunar for good sleep if I use it regularly?

Why is there so little melatonin in Lunar?

What does the Prop65 warning on the labels mean?

Is Lunar gluten-free, vegetarian, or vegan friendly?

+References

Some popular sleep supplements are naturally sweetened and flavored. Some contain the right mix of high-quality ingredients. Some provide clinically effective doses. But only Lunar checks each of these boxes.↑

While artificial sweeteners may not be as dangerous as some people claim, studies suggest that regular consumption of these chemicals may indeed be harmful to our health. That’s why we use natural sweeteners like stevia, erythritol, and monk fruit instead.↑

Every serving of Lunar contains 3.5 grams of active ingredients that have been shown to be safe and effective in peer-reviewed scientific research.↑

Each active ingredient in Lunar is backed by published scientific studies that show benefits in healthy humans.↑

That’s 144 pages of scientific research that shows Lunar works exactly like we say it does.↑

While these types of chemicals may not be as dangerous as some people claim, studies suggest that regular consumption of them may indeed be harmful to our health. And that’s why you won’t find them in Lunar.↑

Every bottle of Lunar is guaranteed to provide exactly what the label claims and nothing else—no heavy metals, microbes, allergens, or other contaminants.↑

This means you know exactly what’s in every serving of Lunar—every dose of every ingredient—and can verify the accuracy and efficacy of the formulation.↑

9. Glycine ingestion improves subjective sleep quality in human volunteers, correlating with polysomnographic changes.

Wataru Yamadera, Kentaro Inagawa, Shintaro Chiba, Makoto Bannai, Michio Takahashi, and Kazuhiko Nakayama, Sleep and Biological Rhythms 5, no. 2 (2007): 126–31. doi: 10.1111/j.1479-8425.2007.00262.x.↑

10. Subjective effects of glycine ingestion before bedtime on sleep quality.

Kentaro Inagawa, Takenori Hiraoka, Tohru Kohda, Wataru Yamadera, and Michio Takahashi, Sleep and Biological Rhythms 4, no. 1 (2006): 75–77. doi: 10.1111/j.1479-8425.2006.00193.x.↑

11. The effects of glycine on subjective daytime performance in partially sleep-restricted healthy volunteers.

Bannai M, Kawai N, Ono K, Nakahara K, Murakami N. Front Neurol. 2012;3:61. Published 2012 Apr 18. doi:10.3389/fneur.2012.00061. ↑

12. Effects of low oral doses of melatonin, given 2-4 hours before habitual bedtime, on sleep in normal young humans.

Zhdanova IV, Wurtman RJ, Morabito C, Piotrovska VR, Lynch HJ. Sleep. 1996;19(5):423-431. doi:10.1093/sleep/19.5.423.↑

13. Meta-analysis: melatonin for the treatment of primary sleep disorders.

Ferracioli-Oda E, Qawasmi A, Bloch MH. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e63773. Published 2013 May 17. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063773.↑

14. Prolonged-release melatonin improves sleep quality and morning alertness in insomnia patients aged 55 years and older and has no withdrawal effects.

Lemoine P, Nir T, Laudon M, Zisapel N. J Sleep Res. 2007;16(4):372-380. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2007.00613.x.↑

15. Evaluation of sleep, puberty and mental health in children with long-term melatonin treatment for chronic idiopathic childhood sleep onset insomnia.

van Geijlswijk IM, Mol RH, Egberts TC, Smits MG. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2011;216(1):111-120. doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2202-y.↑

16. Meta-analysis: melatonin for the treatment of primary sleep disorders.

Ferracioli-Oda E, Qawasmi A, Bloch MH. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e63773. Published 2013 May 17. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063773.↑

17. Effect of melatonin supplementation on sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Fatemeh G, Sajjad M, Niloufar R, Neda S, Leila S, Khadijeh M. J Neurol. 2022;269(1):205-216. doi:10.1007/s00415-020-10381-w. ↑

18. Melatonin for the prevention and treatment of jet lag.

Herxheimer A, Petrie KJ. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;(2):CD001520. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001520.↑

19. Melatonin improves memory acquisition under stress independent of stress hormone release.

Rimmele U, Spillmann M, Bärtschi C, et al. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2009;202(4):663-672. doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1344-z.↑

20. Meta-analysis: melatonin for the treatment of primary sleep disorders.

Ferracioli-Oda E, Qawasmi A, Bloch MH. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e63773. Published 2013 May 17. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063773.↑

21. Effects of L-Theanine Administration on Stress-Related Symptoms and Cognitive Functions in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Hidese S, Ogawa S, Ota M, et al. Nutrients. 2019;11(10):2362. Published 2019 Oct 3. doi:10.3390/nu11102362. ↑

22. L-theanine in the adjunctive treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Sarris J, Byrne GJ, Cribb L, et al. J Psychiatr Res. 2019;110:31-37. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.12.014.↑

23. Effects of l-theanine on attention and reaction time response.

Higashiyama A, Htay HH, Ozeki M, Juneja LR, Kapoor MP. J Funct Foods. 2011;3(3):171-178. doi:10.1016/J.JFF.2011.03.009. ↑

24. L-Theanine reduces psychological and physiological stress responses.

Kimura K, Ozeki M, Juneja LR, Ohira H. Biol Psychol. 2007;74(1):39-45. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2006.06.006.↑

25. Effect of oral γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) administration on sleep and its absorption in humans.

Yamatsu A, Yamashita Y, Pandharipande T, Maru I, Kim M. 2016;25(2):547-551. Food Sci Biotechnol. Published 2016 Apr 30. doi:10.1007/s10068-016-0076-9.↑

26. The Improvement of Sleep by Oral Intake of GABA and Apocynum venetum Leaf Extract.

Yamatsu A, Yamashita Y, Maru I, Yang J, Tatsuzaki J, Kim M. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2015;61(2):182-187. doi:10.3177/jnsv.61.182/↑

27. Safety and Efficacy of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid from Fermented Rice Germ in Patients with Insomnia Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind Trial.

Byun JI, Shin YY, Chung SE, Shin WC. J Clin Neurol. Jul 2018;14(3):291-295. doi:10.3988/jcn.2018.14.3.291.↑

28. Effect of oral γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) administration on sleep and its absorption in humans.

Yamatsu A, Yamashita Y, Pandharipande T, Maru I, Kim M. Food Sci Biotechnol. 2016;25(2):547-551. Published 2016 Apr 30. doi:10.1007/s10068-016-0076-9. ↑

29. The Improvement of Sleep by Oral Intake of GABA and Apocynum venetum Leaf Extract.

Yamatsu A, Yamashita Y, Maru I, Yang J, Tatsuzaki J, Kim M. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2015;61(2):182-7. doi:10.3177/jnsv.61.182.↑

30. Safety and Efficacy of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid from Fermented Rice Germ in Patients with Insomnia Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind Trial.

Byun JI, Shin YY, Chung SE, Shin WC. J Clin Neurol. Jul 2018;14(3):291-295. doi:10.3988/jcn.2018.14.3.291.↑

31. Artificial Sweeteners: History and New Concepts on Inflammation.

Basson AR, Rodriguez-Palacios A, Cominelli F. Front Nutr. 2021;8:746247. Published 2021 Sep 24. doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.746247.↑

32. Non-caloric artificial sweeteners and the microbiome: findings and challenges.

Suez J, Korem T, Zilberman-Schapira G, Segal E, Elinav E. Gut Microbes. 2015;6(2):149-155. doi:10.1080/19490976.2015.1017700.↑

33. What made Canada become a country with the highest incidence of inflammatory bowel disease: could sucralose be the culprit?

Qin X. Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA. Can J Gastroenterol. 2011 Sep;25(9):511. ↑

34. Artificial Sweeteners Negatively Regulate Pathogenic Characteristics of Two Model Gut Bacteria, E. coli and E. faecalis.

Shil A, Chichger H. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(10):5228. Published 2021 May 15. doi:10.3390/ijms22105228.↑

35. Artificial sweeteners induce glucose intolerance by altering the gut microbiota.

Suez J, Korem T, Zeevi D, et al. Nature. 2014;514(7521):181-186. doi:10.1038/nature13793.↑

36. High-intensity sweetener consumption and gut microbiome content and predicted gene function in a cross-sectional study of adults in the United States.

Frankenfeld CL, Sikaroodi M, Lamb E, Shoemaker S, Gillevet PM. Ann Epidemiol. 2015;25(10):736-42.e4. doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.06.083.↑

37. Steviol glycosides from Stevia: biosynthesis pathway review and their application in foods and medicine.

Yadav SK, Guleria P. CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, HP, India. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2012;52(11):988-98. ↑

38. Antioxidant, anti-diabetic and renal protective properties of Stevia rebaudiana.

Shivanna N, Naika M, Khanum F, Kaul VK. Department of Applied Nutrition, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore, India. J Diabetes Complications. 2013 Mar-Apr;27(2):103-13. ↑

39. Safety evaluation of certain food additives.

World Health Organization. WHO Press; 2006. Available at: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2006/9241660546_eng.pdf. Accessed January 24, 2019. ↑

40. Effects of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) extract and N-nitro-L-arginine on renal function and ultrastructure of kidney cells in experimental type 2 Diabetes.

Ozbayer C, Kurt H, Kalender S, Ozden H, Gunes HV, Basaran A, Cakmak EA, Civi K, Kalender Y, Degirmenci I. Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey. J Med Food. 2011 Oct;14(10):1215-22. ↑

41. Toxicological significance of azo dye metabolism by human intestinal microbiota.

Feng J, Cerniglia CE, Chen H. Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, AR , USA. Front Biosci (Elite Ed). 2012 Jan 1;4:568-86. ↑

42. Artificial food dyes and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Kanarek RB. Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA. Nutr Rev. 2011 Jul;69(7):385-91. ↑

43. Meta-analysis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, restriction diet, and synthetic food color additives.

Nigg JT, Lewis K, Edinger T, Falk M. Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012 Jan;51(1):86-97.e8. ↑

44. Food additives and hyperactive behaviour in 3-year-old and 8/9-year-old children in the community: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.

McCann D, Barrett A, Cooper A, Crumpler D, Dalen L, Grimshaw K, Kitchin E, Lok K, Porteous L, Prince E, Sonuga-Barke E, Warner JO, Stevenson J. School of Psychology, Department of Child Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. Lancet. 2007 Nov 3;370(9598):1560-7. ↑

45. Effect of food azo dye tartrazine on learning and memory functions in mice and rats, and the possible mechanisms involved.

Gao Y, Li C, Shen J, Yin H, An X, Jin H. Scientific and Technological College of Chemistry and Biology, Yantai Univ., Yantai, PR China. J Food Sci. 2011 Aug;76(6):T125-9. ↑